[254] It is one of the least corrupt countries in the world[255] and is one of the world's largest trading nations, with a highly globalized economy. Contracts with government. [296], The 2021 Canadian census enumerated a total population of 36,991,981, an increase of around 5.2 percent over the 2016 figure. [15][16][17], The Canada Act 1982, which brought the constitution of Canada fully under Canadian control, referred only to Canada. [471] Great achievements in Canadian sports are recognized by Canada's Sports Hall of Fame,[472] while the Lou Marsh Trophy is awarded annually to Canada's top athlete by a panel of journalists. [375] Due to its historical relation to the francophone culture, Quebec Sign Language (LSQ) is used primarily in Quebec, although there are sizeable Francophone communities in New Brunswick, Ontario and Manitoba. [461] The Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences presents Canada's music industry awards, the Juno Awards, which were first awarded in 1970. Virtual Tour Schedule a Tour. [293] Canada is a participant in the International Space Station (ISS), and is a pioneer in space robotics, having constructed the Canadarm, Canadarm2 and Dextre robotic manipulators for the ISS and NASA's Space Shuttle. [441] The largest of these corporations is the country's national public broadcaster, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, which also plays a significant role in producing domestic cultural content, operating its own radio and TV networks in both English and French. Canada's long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture. [223] Canada joined the Organization of American States (OAS) in 1990 and hosted the OAS General Assembly in 2000 and the 3rd Summit of the Americas in 2001. As much a piece of history as a natural wonder, Canadas. Deaths. [149], Approximately 12.1 percent of the nation's landmass and freshwater are conservation areas, including 11.4 percent designated as protected areas. [242] Canada's total military expenditure is expected to reach $32.7billion by 2027. Through their language, art and music, Indigenous peoples continue to influence the Canadian identity. .ca. Provincial and territorial case numbers. Indigenous peoples are not considered a visible minority in Statistics Canada calculations. In addition, Canada is the single largest foreign supplier of energy to the United States. [215], Canada is recognized as a middle power for its role in international affairs with a tendency to pursue multilateral solutions. TORONTO - Canadas mens basketball team will play exhibition games against Spain and Argentina this summer in preparation for the 2023 FIBA World Cup. These included the explosion of Air India Flight 182 in 1985, the largest mass murder in Canadian history;[112] the cole Polytechnique massacre in 1989, a university shooting targeting female students;[113] and the Oka Crisis of 1990,[114] the first of a number of violent confrontations between the government and Indigenous groups. [39], It is believed that the first European to explore the east coast of Canada was Norse explorer Leif Erikson. [419] The Arms of Canada are closely modelled after the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom with French and distinctive Canadian elements replacing or added to those derived from the British version. The governor general or monarch may, though, in certain crisis situations exercise their power without ministerial advice. [445] Canadian tax laws limit foreign competition in magazine advertising. [274] Many towns in northern Canada, where agriculture is difficult, are sustained by nearby mines or sources of timber. This paved the way for British colonies on Vancouver Island (1849) and in British Columbia (1858). [465] The official national anthem, "O Canada", was originally commissioned by the lieutenant governor of Quebec, Thodore Robitaille, for the 1880 St. Jean-Baptiste Day ceremony and was officially adopted in 1980. [79] This caused the collapse of the Plains Bison in western Canada and the introduction of European cattle farms and wheat fields dominating the land. [452] Since the 1950s, works of Inuit art have been given as gifts to foreign dignitaries by the Canadian government. [212] These rights may include provision of services, such as health care through the Indian Health Transfer Policy, and exemption from taxation. [199] The bank does not issue Canadian coins; they are issued by the Royal Canadian Mint. [279] Canada has one of the highest levels of Internet access in the world, with over 33million users, equivalent to around 94 percent of its total 2014 population. .ca. The delay underscored Canada's independence. Zellers canada locations 2023. [310][311] It is guided by the provisions of the Canada Health Act of 1984[312] and is universal. Zellers canada locations 2023. [338] Four universities are regularly ranked among the top 100 world-wide, namely University of Toronto, University of British Columbia, McGill University and McMaster University, with a total of 18 universities ranked in the top 500 worldwide. [464] "The Maple Leaf Forever", written in 1866, was a popular patriotic song throughout English Canada and for many years served as an unofficial national anthem. [139] In the southern regions of Canada, air pollution from both Canada and the United Statescaused by metal smelting, burning coal to power utilities, and vehicle emissionshas resulted in acid rain, which has severely impacted waterways, forest growth and agricultural productivity in Canada. [87] The Military Service Act brought in compulsory military service, though it, coupled with disputes over French language schools outside Quebec, deeply alienated Francophone Canadians and temporarily split the Liberal Party. [446], Art in Canada is marked by thousands of years of habitation by its indigenous peoples. WebCanada is a country to the north of the United States. This fact, coupled with the grandeur of the landscape, has been central to the sense of Canadian Stanley Park. [369], Other provinces have no official languages as such, but French is used as a language of instruction, in courts, and for other government services, in addition to English. [152] Canada's oldest provincial park, Algonquin Provincial Park, established in 1893, covers an area of 7,653.45 square kilometres (2,955.01sqmi). [376], Canada is religiously diverse, encompassing a wide range of beliefs and customs. Moving between provinces. Last updated on October 19th, 2022. Many moved to Canada, particularly Atlantic Canada, where their arrival changed the demographic distribution of the existing territories. This fact, coupled with the grandeur of the landscape, has been central to the sense of Canadian national identity, as expressed by the [278] It is furthermore home to the headquarters of a number of global technology firms. More details on the reporting schedule. [91] Canadian troops played important roles in many key battles of the war, including the failed 1942 Dieppe Raid, the Allied invasion of Italy, the Normandy landings, the Battle of Normandy, and the Battle of the Scheldt in 1944. [355] The Indigenous population representing 5percent or 1.8 million individuals, grew by 9.4percent compared to the non-Indigenous population, which grew by 5.3percent from 2016 to 2021. [142] Although Canada has a low percentage of endemic species compared to other countries,[143] due to human activities, invasive species and environmental issues in the country, there are currently more than 800 species at risk of being lost. The country is a Commonwealth realm and is officially bilingual (English and French) at the federal level. [192], Each of the 338 members of Parliament in the House of Commons is elected by simple plurality in an electoral district or riding. [76][77] This period of westward expansion and nation building resulted in the displacement of many Indigenous peoples of the Canadian Prairies to "Indian reserves",[78] clearing the way for ethnic European block settlements. [14] The government of Louis St. Laurent ended the practice of using Dominion in the statutes of Canada in 1951. [309], Healthcare in Canada is delivered through the provincial and territorial systems of publicly funded health care, informally called Medicare. [292] Canada was the third country to design and construct a satellite after the Soviet Union and the United States, with the 1962 Alouette 1 launch. With an area of 9,984,670 square km, it is the worlds second-largest country by total area, falling behind Russia, and just beating out China and the United States. [30] The decline is attributed to several causes, including the transfer of European diseases, such as influenza, measles, and smallpox to which they had no natural immunity,[27][31] conflicts over the fur trade, conflicts with the colonial authorities and settlers, and the loss of Indigenous lands to settlers and the subsequent collapse of several nations' self-sufficiency. [88], The Great Depression in Canada during the early 1930s saw an economic downturn, leading to hardship across the country. [481] Most recently, Canada hosted the 2015 Pan American Games and 2015 Parapan American Games in Toronto, the former being one of the largest sporting events hosted by the country. [429] Since the 1980s, Canada's ethnic and cultural diversity has been openly reflected in its literature. A highly developed country, Canada has the 24th highest nominal per capita income globally and the fifteenth-highest ranking on the Human Development Index. See the State Departments travel website for the Worldwide Caution and Travel Advisories. [337] The largest university is the University of Toronto with over 85,000 students. Includes workplace eligibility, steps to apply, processing times, and what you need to do before you work in Canada. [42] No further European exploration occurred until 1497, when Italian seafarer John Cabot explored and claimed Canada's Atlantic coast in the name of King Henry VII of England. [450], The Canadian government has played a role in the development of Canadian culture through the department of Canadian Heritage, by giving grants to art galleries,[451] as well as establishing and funding art schools and colleges across the country, and through the Canada Council for the Arts (established in 1957), the national public arts funder, helping artists, art galleries and periodicals, and thus contributing to the development of Canada's cultural works. Coastal British Columbia has a temperate climate, with a mild and rainy winter. Education in both English and French is available in most places across Canada. See the State Departments travel website for the Worldwide Caution and Travel Advisories. [349] The major panethnic groups chosen were: European (52.5percent), North American (22.9percent), Asian (19.3percent), North American Indigenous (6.1percent), African (3.8percent), Latin, Central and South American (2.5percent), Caribbean (2.1percent), Oceanian (0.3percent), and other (6percent). [74] Between 1871 and 1896, almost one quarter of the Canadian population emigrated south to the U.S.[75], To open the West and encourage European immigration, Parliament approved sponsoring the construction of three transcontinental railways (including the Canadian Pacific Railway), opening the prairies to settlement with the Dominion Lands Act, and establishing the North-West Mounted Police to assert its authority over this territory. [85] Canada provided asylum for the Dutch monarchy while that country was occupied and is credited by the Netherlands for major contributions to its liberation from Nazi Germany. [203] The Charter guarantees basic rights and freedoms that usually cannot be over-ridden by any governmentthough a notwithstanding clause allows Parliament and the provincial legislatures to override certain sections of the Charter for a period of five years. [340] Canada spends about 5.3percent of its GDP on education. This spring, Hudson's Bay Company is set to open Zellers stores inside 25 The Bay locations across Canada. Its land reaches from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. Learn about Canadas response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. WebCanada. [232][233] During the Cold War, Canada was a major contributor to UN forces in the Korean War and founded the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) in cooperation with the United States to defend against potential aerial attacks from the Soviet Union. Provincial legislatures are unicameral and operate in parliamentary fashion similar to the House of Commons. [318] Just over 60,000 children are homeschooled in the country as of 2016. [335] Canada has a large number of universities, almost all of which are publicly funded. [26], The Indigenous population at the time of the first European settlements is estimated to have been between 200,000[27] and two million,[28] with a figure of 500,000 accepted by Canada's Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. Canada is a country in North America. [349][350] Statistics Canada reports that 35.5percent of the population reported multiple ethnic origins, thus the overall total is greater than 100percent. Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays). [191] The Prime Minister's Office (PMO) is thus one of the most powerful institutions in government, initiating most legislation for parliamentary approval and selecting for appointment by the Crown, besides the aforementioned, the governor general, lieutenant governors, senators, federal court judges, and heads of Crown corporations and government agencies. The minister of finance and minister of innovation, science and industry use the Statistics Canada agency for financial planning and economic policy development. .ca. Canada's land area is 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles). Canada's land area is 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles). WebInternet TLD. [140], Canada is divided into fifteen terrestrial and five marine ecozones. [36] From the late 18th century, European Canadians forced Indigenous peoples to assimilate into a western culture. 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